SECTION 11- Cleanliness
Every factory should be kept clean and free from effluvia, arising from any drain, privy or other nuisance, particularly as follows:
- Floors, benches of workrooms, staircases, passage- Must be free from accumulated dirt and refusals, by daily sweeping and disposal of and in suitable manner.
- Workroom- Must be cleaned once in every week, by washing and using disinfectant where necessary.
- Floor (which becomes wet in the course of manufacturing process)- Must be cleaned effectively.
- Walls, partitions and ceilings- Must be kept clean accordingly:
- Where it is being already painted with something other than washable paints- Must be painted and re-varnished with once in every period of 5 years.
- Where, it is being already painted with washable paints- Must be kept clean accordingly:
- Painted- with one coat of such paint, once in every period of 3 years.
- Washed- once in every period of 6 months.
- Smooth impervious surface- Must be carried out at least once in every period of 14 months by method prescribed.
- Whitewashing and color washing in any other case- Must be done in once in every period of 14 months.
- Doors, window frames, wooden or metallic farm work and shutters- Must be kept painted and varnished in every period of 5 years.
- The painting process carried out, should be entered in prescribed register.
State Government has power to order-
A specific alternative method against any above provision, if occupier cannot comply with those due to the factory form, class or description.
SECTION 12- Disposal of wastes and effluents
- Wastes and effluents, from manufacturing process, need effective arrangement by treating them to an extent of innocuous and further for there disposal.
- State Government has power to-
- Make rules itself for required arrangement for sub section (1) or
- Ask to approve arrangements of section (1) by prescribed authority.
SECTION 13- Ventilation and temperature
- Every factory must have effective and suitable provision to secure and maintain in workroom:
- Fresh air circulation for adequate ventilation and
- Secure reasonable conditions of comfort to health, by maintaining such temperature, through-
- By keeping temperature as low as practicable by using such design and material for walls and roofs.
- By separating (through insulating hot parts or other effective means), the process which produces such temperature from workroom, where the nature of work being carried out in the factory involves excessive high temperature.
- The State Government may:
- Prescribe, standards of adequate ventilation and reasonable temperature for any factory and
- Direct, proper measuring instruments in specified position and maintain such records.
- Chief inspector in, case where excessive high temperature appears to him which can be reduced by adopting measures mentioned under sub section (1), can produce an order in writing, specifying required measures to be carried out before specified date.
SECTION 14- Dust and fume
- Every factory which-
- Carries out – Manufacturing process which gives off any dust or fume or other impurity of such nature,
- Causing injury- Tends to be offensive to workers employed therein
- Require- Effective measures, to be taken to prevent its inhalation and accumulation in any workroom
- Even requires- Precautionary steps by installation of exhaust appliance nearby point of origin of dust, fume or other impurity and such point of origin shall be enclose as far as possible.
- Factories (with, stationary internal combustion engine) are not allowed to operate unless an exhaust is conducted into the air or any other effective measure is taken, which may prevent accumulated fumes likely to cause injury to workers employed into room.
SECTION 15- Artificial humidification
- State government may make following rules, for factories with artificial humidity-
- Prescribe, standards of humidification.
- Regulate, methods used for artificially increase the humidity of the air.
- Direct, prescribed tests to determine and correctly record, humidity of the air.
- Prescribe methods to secure adequate ventilation and cooling of air in workroom.
- Factories, artificially increasing humidity of the air shall purify the water effectively before its use, whether it is water from public supply or from any other source of drinking water.
- If inspector got to know, that water being used for increasing humidity in the factory, is not effectively purified. He passes on written order to the manager, specifying measures which may apply according to his own opinion and require it to carry out before specified date.
SECTION 16- Overcrowding
- In a factory, no room must be over crowed to an extent, that it may lead to be injurious to the health of workers employed therein.
- Without prejudice to the generality of above point of this section, in every workroom of a factory there should be at least the following specified space for every worker employed therein-
- 9.9 cubic meter for factories in existence on the date of commencement of this Act
- 14.2 cubic meters foe factories built after commencement of this Act.
- Exception- No account is to be taken of any space for the purpose of this sub section, if space in factory is more than 4.2 meters above the level of floor of the room.
- As per Chief Inspector’s written order, a notice specifying maximum number of workers be employed in the room (in accordance to this section), should be posted in each workroom of a factory.
- The Chief Inspector may through a written order, exempt any workroom from this section, if he is satisfied that non-compliance to this section is not going to work against the health of the workers employed therein.
SECTION 17-Lighting
- In every part of factory (where workers work or pass even)- There must be sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial or both.
- All glazed windows and sky lights used for lighting of workroom- They must be:
- Kept clean on both inner and outer surface (as far as compliance with sub section 3 of section 13) and
- Free from obstruction.
- Every factory must practicably prevent:
- Glare, either directly from source of light or by reflection from smooth or polished surface.
- Shadow formation, to an extent which causes eye-strain or risk of accident to any worker.
- The State Government may prescribe, standards of sufficient and suitable lighting for:
- Factories or
- Only class or description of factories or
- Any manufacturing process.
SECTION 18- Drinking Water
- Every factory must effectively arrange(provide and maintain), for all workers employed therein:
- Suitable points,
- Conveniently situated,
- For sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water.
- All such points must:
- Legibly marked with “drinking water”, in language understood by majority of workers employed in the factory and
- Not to be situated within 6 months, unless approved in writing by the Chief inspector, of any:
- Washing place or
- Urinal or spittoons or
- Open drain carrying sullage or effluence or any other source of contamination.
- Factories with more than 250 workers ordinarily employed, should make provisions regarding cool drinking water during hot weather by effective means, to:
- Provide them with and
- Distribute among them.
- The State Government, in respect of all factories or any class or description of factories may make rules:
- For securing compliance with the provisions above mentioned in this section and
- For examination of supply and distribution of drinking water in factories by prescribed authorities.
SECTION 19- Latrines and Urinals
Every factory must provide-
- Sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation:
- Of prescribed types,
- Conveniently situated and
- Accessible to workers all the time, while they are the factory.
- Separate enclosed accommodation for male and female workers.
- Such accommodation must be adequately:
- Lighted and
- Ventilated.
- No such accommodation must be communicated with the workroom, except:
- Specially exempted in writing by Chief Inspector or
- Through an intervening open space or ventilated passage.
- All such accommodations must be maintained at all times,in:
- Clean and
- Sanitary conditions.
- Sweepers must be employed, with primary duty to keep latrine, urinal and washing places clean.
Factories with more than 250 ordinary employed workers:
- All latrines and urinals accommodation, to be prescribed sanitary types.
- Floors and internal walls must be:
- Up to hegiht of 90 centimetres and,
- To be laid in glazed tiles or otherwise finished to provide,
- smooth polished impervious surface.
- Following must be cleaned at least once in every 7 days with suitable detergents or disinfectants or with both, without prejudice to provisions (all such accommodations must be maintained at all times in clean and sanitary conditions employment of sweepers):
- Floors ,
- Portions of walls,
- Blocks so laid or finished,
- Sanitary pans of latrine and urinals.
The State Governmentmay:
- Prescribe, number of latrines and urinals to be provided in proportion to number of male and female workers ordinary employed therein,
- Provide, obligation to workers as it ts considered necessary in the interest of the health of workers employed therein.
SECTION 20- Spittoons
- Every factory must provide:
- Sufficient number of spittoons,
- In convenient places and
- Maintained in clean and hygienic condition.
- The State Government may make rules regarding:
- Type and number of spittoons to be provided,
- Location in any factory and
- Maintenance in clean and hygienic conditions.
- A person cannot spit within the premises of a factory except in the spittoons provided for purpose and a notice must be displayed at suitable places in the premises, containing:
- This provision and
- Penalty of it’s violation.
- Punishment (fine), for above mentioned provision’s contravention cannot exceed Rs. 5.
Farheen Dhanjal 